Written sources are part of various other sources that make up for what historians use in the reconstruction of history. The art of writing on its part is a civilization that developed at different times in different societies. Societies that developed the art of writing early enough committed most of their history to writing while those that did not develop such craft early, committed theirs to memory. In the reconstruction of history, historians make use of all sources available, as no single source is immune to human manipulation, consciously or unconsciously. The coming of the Europeans with their colonial rule was not the beginning of the history of Africa, for they claim to have introduced the art of reducing the history of Africa to writing. The Egyptians had for a long time developed the art of writing known as hieroglyphs, which contributed immensely to the knowledge of their past as well as some other societies they met.
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